Like cartesian (or rectangular) coordinates and polar coordinates, spherical coordinates are just another way to describe points in three-dimensional space. Rectangular coordinates are given as (x,y,z), where x is the distance from the origin along the x-axis, y is the distance from the origin along the y-axis, and z is the distance from the origin along the z-axis. Spherical coordinates are given as (rho,theta,phi), where rho is the distance from the origin, theta is the angle to the positive direction of the x-axis, and phi is the angle to the positive direction of the z-axis.

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